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Selecting the right high-powered variable frequency drives

The development of VSDs has been dramatic. VSDs can now be applied in low voltages (LV) in applications above 2000 kW and medium voltage (MV) drives down to as low as 400 kW. This large power range overlap can lead to uncertainty as to what factors should be accounted for when considering what type to use for a particular installation. Today, advances in drive development give users many more options when selecting drive technology and voltage. No two applications are the same, and this means that where there is more than one possible solution, the best strategy is to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of the various options. There are several methods to reduce harmonics in large installations and the best solution is usually a mixture of methods. For applications such as decline conveyors, where the drives are required to regenerate excess energy back into the supply, active front end (AFE) drives are available in both MV and LV. An AFE drive also has the added benefit of operating with a greatly reduced harmonic draw on the supply. Although AFE drives do have use for harmonics mitigation, they are unfortunately often used at the risk of a reduced mean time between failure (MTBF) and reduced efficiency. Where harmonics are the prime concern and regeneration is not a factor, alternate solutions should be investigated. The most efficient and robust solutions can be found with active harmonic filters or multi-pulse variable speed drives, which can reduce the lifetime cost of the drive system. For higher powered drives, a multi-pulse supply transformer is often the best solution - these transformers effectively increase the number of phases to be rectified, thus reducing the total harmonics produced at the standard three-phase supply.